NIST CSF Mapping - OWASP Top 10 Compliance

Overview

This document maps OWASP Top 10 Web Application Security Risks to the NIST Cybersecurity Framework (CSF) 2.0. The NIST CSF provides a policy framework of computer security guidance for how organizations can assess and improve their ability to prevent, detect, and respond to cyber attacks.

NIST CSF 2.0 Core Functions

The framework consists of 6 core functions:

Govern (GV): Establish and monitor the organization's cybersecurity risk management strategy
Identify (ID): Understand cybersecurity risks to systems, people, assets, data, and capabilities
Protect (PR): Implement safeguards to manage cybersecurity risks
Detect (DE): Find and analyze possible cybersecurity attacks and compromises
Respond (RS): Take action regarding a detected cybersecurity incident
Recover (RC): Restore assets and operations affected by a cybersecurity incident

Detailed Mapping

01. Broken Access Control

NIST CSF Category	Subcategory ID	Description	Implementation
Protect	PR.AA-01	Identities and credentials are managed	Identity and access management (IAM)
Protect	PR.AA-02	Identities are proofed and bound to credentials	User verification processes
Protect	PR.AA-05	Access permissions are managed	Role-based access control (RBAC)
Protect	PR.AA-06	Physical and logical access to assets is managed	Access control lists and policies
Protect	PR.DS-05	Protections against data leaks are implemented	Data loss prevention (DLP)
Detect	DE.CM-01	Networks and network services are monitored	Monitor access attempts

02. Cryptographic Failures

NIST CSF Category	Subcategory ID	Description	Implementation
Protect	PR.DS-01	Data-at-rest is protected	AES-256 encryption for stored data
Protect	PR.DS-02	Data-in-transit is protected	TLS 1.2+ for all communications
Protect	PR.DS-05	Protections against data leaks are implemented	Encryption key management
Identify	ID.RA-07	Threats are identified and documented	Cryptographic risk assessment
Protect	PR.DS-08	Integrity checking mechanisms verify software and data	Digital signatures and hashing

03. Injection

NIST CSF Category	Subcategory ID	Description	Implementation
Protect	PR.DS-05	Protections against data leaks are implemented	Input validation and sanitization
Protect	PR.PS-01	Configuration management practices are established	Secure coding standards
Detect	DE.CM-04	Malicious code is detected	Web application firewall (WAF)
Detect	DE.CM-06	External service provider activity is monitored	API security monitoring
Protect	PR.IP-02	A System Development Life Cycle is implemented	Security in SDLC

04. Insecure Design

NIST CSF Category	Subcategory ID	Description	Implementation
Govern	GV.RR-02	Roles, responsibilities, and authorities related to cybersecurity	Security champions program
Identify	ID.RA-01	Asset vulnerabilities are identified	Threat modeling
Identify	ID.RA-02	Cyber threat intelligence is received	Threat intelligence integration
Identify	ID.RA-03	Internal and external threats are identified	Security design review
Protect	PR.IP-02	A System Development Life Cycle is implemented	Security requirements in design

05. Security Misconfiguration

NIST CSF Category	Subcategory ID	Description	Implementation
Identify	ID.AM-02	Software platforms and applications are inventoried	Asset inventory management
Protect	PR.IP-01	A baseline configuration is created and maintained	Security baselines
Protect	PR.IP-04	Backups are performed	Configuration backups
Protect	PR.PS-01	Configuration management practices are established	Configuration management
Detect	DE.CM-08	Vulnerability scans are performed	Regular security scanning

06. Vulnerable and Outdated Components

NIST CSF Category	Subcategory ID	Description	Implementation
Identify	ID.AM-02	Software platforms and applications are inventoried	Software Bill of Materials (SBOM)
Govern	GV.SC-03	Cybersecurity supply chain risk management is established	Supply chain risk assessment
Protect	PR.IP-12	A vulnerability management plan is developed	Patch management process
Detect	DE.CM-08	Vulnerability scans are performed	Automated vulnerability scanning
Respond	RS.MI-03	Newly identified vulnerabilities are mitigated	Vulnerability remediation

07. Identification and Authentication Failures

NIST CSF Category	Subcategory ID	Description	Implementation
Protect	PR.AA-01	Identities and credentials are managed	Identity lifecycle management
Protect	PR.AA-02	Identities are proofed and bound to credentials	Strong authentication
Protect	PR.AA-03	Users, devices, and assets are authenticated	Multi-factor authentication (MFA)
Protect	PR.AA-04	Identity assertions are protected	Secure session management
Detect	DE.CM-03	Personnel activity is monitored	Authentication monitoring

08. Software and Data Integrity Failures

NIST CSF Category	Subcategory ID	Description	Implementation
Govern	GV.SC-02	Suppliers are known and prioritized	Supply chain management
Govern	GV.SC-06	Planning and due diligence to reduce supply chain risk	Vendor security assessment
Protect	PR.DS-06	Integrity checking mechanisms verify software	Code signing and verification
Protect	PR.DS-08	Integrity checking mechanisms verify data	Data integrity monitoring
Protect	PR.IP-02	A System Development Life Cycle is implemented	Secure CI/CD pipeline

09. Security Logging and Monitoring Failures

NIST CSF Category	Subcategory ID	Description	Implementation
Detect	DE.CM-01	Networks and network services are monitored	Network monitoring
Detect	DE.CM-06	External service provider activity is monitored	Third-party monitoring
Detect	DE.CM-09	Computing hardware and software are monitored	Endpoint monitoring
Detect	DE.AE-02	Potentially adverse events are analyzed	Security event analysis
Respond	RS.AN-01	Notifications are investigated	Incident investigation

10. Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF)

NIST CSF Category	Subcategory ID	Description	Implementation
Protect	PR.AC-05	Network integrity is protected	Network segmentation
Protect	PR.DS-05	Protections against data leaks are implemented	Input validation for URLs
Protect	PR.PT-04	Communications and control networks are protected	Firewall rules
Detect	DE.CM-01	Networks and network services are monitored	Network traffic monitoring
Detect	DE.CM-07	Monitoring for unauthorized activity is performed	Anomaly detection

Function Summary

Govern (GV)

OWASP Item	Related Subcategories	Priority
04 - Insecure Design	GV.RR-02	High
06 - Vulnerable Components	GV.SC-03	High
08 - Data Integrity	GV.SC-02, GV.SC-06	High

Identify (ID)

OWASP Item	Related Subcategories	Priority
04 - Insecure Design	ID.RA-01, ID.RA-02, ID.RA-03	High
05 - Misconfiguration	ID.AM-02	Medium
06 - Vulnerable Components	ID.AM-02	High

Protect (PR)

OWASP Item	Related Subcategories	Priority
01 - Access Control	PR.AA-01, PR.AA-02, PR.AA-05, PR.AA-06	Critical
02 - Cryptography	PR.DS-01, PR.DS-02, PR.DS-05	Critical
03 - Injection	PR.DS-05, PR.PS-01, PR.IP-02	Critical
07 - Auth Failures	PR.AA-01, PR.AA-02, PR.AA-03, PR.AA-04	Critical

Detect (DE)

OWASP Item	Related Subcategories	Priority
09 - Logging Failures	DE.CM-01, DE.CM-06, DE.CM-09, DE.AE-02	Critical
01 - Access Control	DE.CM-01	High
03 - Injection	DE.CM-04, DE.CM-06	High

Implementation Roadmap

Phase 1: Foundation (Months 1-3)

Focus: Protect Function

PR.AA (Access Control) - Addresses OWASP 01, 07
PR.DS (Data Security) - Addresses OWASP 02
PR.IP-02 (SDLC) - Addresses OWASP 03, 04, 08

Phase 2: Detection (Months 4-6)

Focus: Detect Function

DE.CM (Monitoring) - Addresses OWASP 09
DE.CM-08 (Vulnerability Scanning) - Addresses OWASP 05, 06
DE.AE (Anomaly Detection) - Addresses OWASP 09

Phase 3: Governance (Months 7-9)

Focus: Govern Function

GV.SC (Supply Chain) - Addresses OWASP 06, 08
GV.RR (Roles & Responsibilities) - Addresses OWASP 04

Phase 4: Response & Recovery (Months 10-12)

Focus: Respond & Recover Functions

RS.MI (Mitigation) - Addresses OWASP 06
RS.AN (Analysis) - Addresses OWASP 09
RC functions for business continuity

Maturity Assessment

Implementation Tiers

Tier 1: Partial - Basic/manual processes
Tier 2: Risk-Informed - Documented and repeatable
Tier 3: Repeatable - Integrated and automated
Tier 4: Adaptive - Dynamic and continuously improving

Current State Assessment

Function	Current Tier	Target Tier	Gap
Govern	2	3	Improve supply chain management
Identify	2	3	Enhance threat modeling
Protect	2	3	Automate access control
Detect	1	3	Implement SIEM
Respond	2	3	Improve incident response
Recover	2	3	Enhance backup/recovery

Risk-Based Prioritization

Critical Priority

Authentication Failures (07) - Direct account compromise risk
Cryptographic Failures (02) - Data breach exposure
Injection (03) - System compromise
Logging Failures (09) - Breach detection failure

High Priority

Access Control (01) - Unauthorized access
Vulnerable Components (06) - Known exploits
Data Integrity (08) - Supply chain attacks
Insecure Design (04) - Fundamental flaws

Medium Priority

Misconfiguration (05) - Information disclosure
SSRF (10) - Internal access

Key Performance Indicators (KPIs)

Govern

% of projects with security requirements (Target: 100%)
% of vendors assessed for security (Target: 100%)

Identify

% of assets with current inventory (Target: 100%)
Threat models completed (Target: All new projects)

Protect

% of users with MFA enabled (Target: 100%)
% of data encrypted at rest (Target: 100%)
% of traffic encrypted in transit (Target: 100%)

Detect

Mean time to detect (MTTD) (Target: < 1 hour)
% of logs centralized (Target: 100%)
Vulnerability scan coverage (Target: 100%)

Respond

Mean time to respond (MTTR) (Target: < 4 hours)
% of incidents with root cause analysis (Target: 100%)

Recover

Recovery time objective (RTO) (Target: < 24 hours)
Recovery point objective (RPO) (Target: < 1 hour)

Best Practices

For Security Leaders

Align OWASP remediation with CSF implementation
Use CSF tiers to set maturity goals
Report progress using CSF framework
Integrate with existing risk management

For Security Teams

Map controls to both OWASP and CSF
Use CSF for communication with leadership
Track metrics for continuous improvement
Conduct regular self-assessments

For Development Teams

Understand Protect and Detect functions
Implement security in SDLC (PR.IP-02)
Support logging and monitoring (DE.CM)
Participate in threat modeling (ID.RA-01)

🛡️ NIST Cybersecurity Framework 2.0 Mapping